[ceptimus]

I was thinking of the Tomahawk ones used in the first Gulf War.

The ones from the 1950s - before the Global Positioning System existed - must have either used inertial navigation or some form of ground-based radio beacon steering system. The guidance systems in those old ones was probably more complex than that in the newer ones.

I know that the USA has always claimed that Tomahawk uses terrain contour matching and digital photographic scene matching for navigation. Maybe it does but I've always been dubious about that - GPS, if it's available, seems so much easier. There's not so much terrain to contour map when most of the flight is over an ocean or a featureless desert.