Note that Fujiwara et al. (
2020)'s estimate of the Pinatubo surface temperature response is about five times smaller than earlier estimates found in Crutzen (
2006)
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We find that the Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha-apai eruption produced the largest global perturbation of stratospheric aerosols since the Pinatubo eruption in 1991 and the largest perturbation of stratospheric water vapour observed in the satellite era. Immediately after the eruption, water vapour radiative cooling dominated the local stratospheric heating/cooling rates, while at the top-of-the-atmosphere and surface, volcanic aerosol cooling dominated the radiative forcing. However, after two weeks, due to dispersion/dilution, water vapour heating started to dominate the top-of-the-atmosphere radiative forcing, leading to a net warming of the climate system
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The unexpected radiative impact of the Hunga Tonga eruption of 15th January 2022 | Communications Earth & Environment\
water vapour heating started to dominate the top-of-the-atmosphere radiative forcing, leading to a net warming of the climate system