Not quite. There are 31 states with shield laws on the books plus Washington D.C. 19 states have no shield law on the books, but most do provide some degree of qualified confidentiality. Of the 31, only 7 provide absolute protection of sources, the remainder only qualified protection. California, New Jersey and New York provide absolute protection in civil cases, but only qualified protection in criminal cases. Of the states without shield laws, Texas does provide qualified protection in civil cases but none in criminal cases. Exceptions are Wyoming and Hawaii, they have no protection for journalistic sources on the books at all. That would make 48 states, not 49, that provide at least some degree of protection for journalistic sources. It would only be 49 if you icall D.C. a state.
Re: NY Times Judith Miller "Retires"
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